Page 251 - Cosmetology

formed. This fact is well known to nutritionists because ensuring an adequate supply of essential amino
acids is important in determining the nutritional value of proteins in the diet. Components of proteins can
have varying benefits for skin, but overall they are used for their water-binding and emollient properties.

Protol. Trade name for mineral oil. See mineral oil.

prune seed extract. In large enough amounts can have antioxidant properties.

Prunella vulgaris. See self-heal.

Prunus americana. See plum extract.

Prunus domestica seed extract. See plum extract.

Prunus dulcis. See almond oil.

Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. See sea whip extract.

Psidium guajava. See guava extract.

Pueraria lobata. See kudzu root.

pullulan. Produced by black yeast, pullulan is a glucan gum that contains polysaccharides, which makes it a
good water-binding agent, thickening agent, and antioxidant. See beta-glucan and mucopolysaccharide.

Punica granatum extract. See pomegranate.

purified water. See deionized water.

PVM/MA decadiene crosspolymer. A synthetic polymer used as a film-forming and thickening agent.

PVP. See polyvinylpyrrolidone.

PVP copolymer. See polyvinylpyrrolidone.

PVP/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate. A polymer formed from PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and the film-
forming agent dimethylaminomethacrylate. See film-forming agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

pycnogenol. There is a great deal of research on pycnogenol, a plant-derived substance found in
everything from pine bark to apples, cocoa beans, unripe strawberries, peanut skin, grape seeds, and red
wine. However, most of the research dates back to 1990 and earlier "Plant Extract with a Proanthocyanidins
Content as Therapeutic Agent Having Radical Scavenging Effect and Use Thereof"). There are studies
supporting the notion that pycnogenol is a potent antioxidant with strong free-radical-scavenging properties.
However, there isn't any research showing that it will have any effect on wrinkles. See antioxidant.

pyridoxine hydrochloride (HCL). Scientific name for vitamin B6; may have antibacterial and antioxidant
benefits for skin when applied topically.

Pyrus cydonia. See quince seed.
Q

quaternium-15. Formaldehyde-releasing preservative used in cosmetics. It can be a skin sensitizer, as can
all preservatives.

quaternium-18 hectorite. Used as a suspending agent and also has emulsifying properties.

quercus. See oak root extract.

Quercus infectoria extract. See oak root extract.

quillaja extract. Extract of the Chilean soap bark tree. It contains a good amount of saponins, which have
cleansing, antimicrobial, and water-binding properties for skin. See saponin.