Page 290 - Cultures and Organizations

Yesterday, Now, or Later? 259

joins other Latin American countries, and Hong Kong scores lower than
Singapore. For the remaining countries, the shifts between the CVS and
WVS rankings are minor. 49
The four highest-scoring countries in Table 7.4 are still East Asian,
and with three exceptions (Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines), all
other South and Southeast Asian countries are found in the top half of
the table. The top half further holds all countries from Eastern Europe,
including the entire former Soviet Union, with the exception of Poland
and Georgia. Finally, it includes most other European countries, except
Greece, Finland, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, and Iceland.
The lower half of the table contains four Anglo countries overseas:
Canada, New Zealand, the United States, and Australia. It contains all
countries from the Middle East and Africa, as well as all countries from
Middle and South America.

Long-Term Orientation and the
GLOBE Dimensions

In Chapter 2 we introduced the GLOBE study, which claimed to replicate
and improve Geert’s model across some sixty countries. For each of the
topics discussed in Chapters 3 through 6, we compared GLOBE’s fi ndings
with ours. The GLOBE dimension inspired by our LTO was called future
orientation.
Our old LTO measure, LTO-CVS, across twenty-one common coun-
tries correlated signifi cantly with four of the eighteen GLOBE measures,
but in the end only one (strong negative) relationship remained: with per-
formance orientation “should be”; this explained 51 percent of the variance
50
in LTO-CVS. Performance orientation “should be” also correlated with

Misho’s monumentalism: it implies that “we should be a great performing
nation!”—a self-enhancing feeling, typical of cultures with a short-term

orientation. Long-term orientation correlates with flexhumility, so the
negative relationship makes sense.
Across forty-nine common countries, our new LTO-WVS measure
correlated significantly with six of the eighteen GLOBE measures. The

strongest correlations were (again negatively) with performance orienta-
tion “should be” and (also negatively) with group collectivism “should be.” 51

Group collectivism “should be” means family pride; in the first half of this
chapter we saw that families in high-LTO cultures are pragmatic rather
than proud about family matters.