Page 424 - Design for Environment A Guide to Sustainable Product Development

Index 399

eco-labeling, 28, 41–43, 62, 229, life-cycle inventory, 175, 178
281, 378 life-cycle management (LCM),
integral, 147 52–53, 80, 81, 197–198, 207–209.
LaFarge, 156, 316 See also product life-cycle
lagging indicators, 105, 380 management (PLCM)
landfill-free, 245 life-cycle review, 159, 199, 201, 208,
Layer of Protection Analysis, 214
276 life-cycle thinking, 9, 83, 84–86,
lead solder, 37, 172, 204, 222 197, 238, 357
leadership, quality of, 61 LifeScan, Inc., 269–270
Leadership in Energy and Lifestyles of Health and
Environmental Design Sustainability (LOHAS), 70
(LEED), 151, 232, 267, 342 light emitting diode (LED), 352
leading indicators, 40, 105, 380 The Limits to Growth study, 20
Lean/Six Sigma, 158, 274, 278, Liveris, Andrew, 256
371 locomotives, 202, 239–240
“leased product” concept, 132 long-term resilience, 365
LEED. See Leadership in Energy low-carbon fuels, 323
and Environmental Design
license to operate, 60, 61, 159, 380 M
life cycle. See also product life- Malthus, Richard, 20
cycle management (PLCM) management system
accounting for, 187–189, 380 defined, 381
business, 79–81 energy management system
facility, 188, 200–201 (EMS), 286, 351–352
physical, 79–81, 200, 382 environmental, health, and
process, 6, 79, 83 safety, 251
product, 42, 51–52, 71–72, 79–81, environmental management
84, 86, 88–89, 99, 111, 178–181, system (EMS), 10, 12, 38–40,
382 52, 101, 232, 255
transportation industries, external drivers, 38–40
237–241 Marine Stewardship Council, 43,
life-cycle assessment (LCA) 281
defined, 380 market-based incentives, 33
DFE design, 84, 92, 166, 172, Marrakech Process, 359
178–181 material burden metrics, 106
hybrid, 180–182 material flow, 85, 124, 204, 306,
industrial leadership in, 296–297, 358
299–301 material flow analysis (MFA), 134,
innovation, 233 175–176
performance indicators, 113 material identification, 34, 138
streamlined, 180–181, 298 material intensity, 124–125, 176,
life-cycle cost, 92, 100, 107–108, 219, 284, 381
130, 191–193, 199 material processing, 154, 170, 191,
life-cycle exergy consumption, 305
174, 337n material throughput, 32, 35, 89,
life-cycle impacts, 178, 179, 272, 119, 124, 359
318, 380 materiality, 44, 105, 381