Page 15 - Design of Reinforced Masonry Structures

xiv PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION

that must be followed; readers will find it helpful to keep copies of these two references
handy while reading this book.
Chapter 1 introduces the topic of masonry design and construction—from ancient times
to modern times—a practice that began as the art of construction and evolved into the
modern engineered construction. Also presented in the chapter are brief discussions of the
governing building codes and specifications for masonry structures, and governing provi-
sions of ASCE/SEI 7-05 Standard that form the basis of load calculations for analysis and
design.
Masonry structures are built from units that are fabricated in production plants from
clay and concrete, and hand-laid by skilled masons, one unit at a time. Chapter 2 is devoted
to a detailed discussion of both clay and concrete units with respect to industry standards,
product availability, modular sizes, design properties, and applicable ASTM Standards.
Chapter 3 presents a discussion on materials of masonry construction: masonry units,
mortar, grout, and steel reinforcing bars. Reinforced masonry structures are built from
placing masonry units with mortar between them, placing horizontal and vertical reinforce-
ments, and grouting the cells of masonry units to accomplish the desired design objectives.
Adherence to the specifications of these materials is the key to acceptable performance of
as-built structures, hence the importance of this chapter.
Chapters 4 through 10 present analysis and design of masonry structures subjected to
flexure, shear, compression, and combined axial compression and flexure; walls subjected
to out-of-plane loads; shear walls (walls subjected to in-plane loads); retaining walls; and
anchorage to masonry.
Chapter 4 presents an exhaustive discussion of fundamentals of strength design philoso-
phy and their application to flexural analysis and design of masonry structures. This is the
longest and also the most important chapter in the book for it embodies principles of strain
compatibility and ductility, and requirements of the MSJC-08 Code pertaining to design for
flexure, shear, deflection, and cracking moment, concepts which are used in later chapters
of the book. The author has provided in-depth explanation of fundamental principles of
strength design in this chapter, followed by numerous examples designed to satisfy the
many “what if” questions and curiosities of readers, particularly students. The purpose
of this chapter is to encourage discussion and to develop confidence in understanding the
ramifications of improper designs.
Chapter 5 is devoted to design of compression members—reinforced masonry columns—
loaded axially or in combination with bending. Many examples are presented to illustrate
the design concepts and alternatives. An in-depth discussion of interaction diagrams for
columns subjected to combined axial load and bending, including detailed, step-by-step
calculations for developing such diagrams, forms the highlight of this chapter.
Chapter 6 presents analysis and design of reinforced masonry walls subjected to out-of-
plane loads due to wind or earthquakes. The chapter presents a discussion and calculation
of these forces based on ASCE/SEI 7-05 Standard. Also presented in this chapter are many

different types of masonry walls and their uses.
Chapter 7 deals with an all-important topic of analysis and design of reinforced masonry
shear walls which are used as systems for resisting lateral forces in building structures—
either as the main wind force–resisting systems (MWFRS) or as the seismic force–resisting
systems (SFRS). Because of the extreme importance of this topic, this chapter provides an
in-depth discussion of seismic load provisions of ASCE 7-05 Standard and design require-
ments pertaining to the many different types of shear walls as classified and permitted by the
standard for use as lateral force–resisting systems.
Chapter 8 describes analysis and design of reinforced masonry earth-retaining walls and
basement walls which are commonly used in practice.
Chapter 9 provides a discussion of masonry construction practices, with an emphasis
on grouting practices. Masonry construction involves hand placement of brick or concrete