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136 PART III • Orbital-Scale Climate Change
8. Do the following changes occur at the same time Imbrie, J., and K. P. Imbrie, 1979. Ice Ages: Solving the
(same year) in Earth’s orbital cycles? Mystery. Short Hills, NJ: Enslow.
Ruddiman, W. F. 2005. Plows, Plagues and Petroleum,
a. summer insolation maxima at both poles caused Chapter 3. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
by changes in tilt
Press.
b. summer insolation maxima in the tropics of www.classzone.com/book/earth_science/terc
both hemispheres caused by precession /content/visualization, Chapter 15: Earth’s Orbital
Motions.
Additional Resources
Advanced Reading
Basic Reading Berger, A. L. 1978. “Long-Term Variations of Caloric
Companion Web site at www.whfreeman.com Insolation Resulting from the Earth’s Orbital
/ruddiman2e, pp. 2–4. Elements.” Quaternary Research 9: 139–167.