Page 106 - Effective Communication Soft Skills Strategies For Success by Nitin Bhatnagar, Mamta Bhatnagar

Project Name: Manual for Soft Skills
\\mtpdy01\Womat\Indesign\Bhatnagar-Manual for Soft skills\06-Pagination\06-A-Finals\06-AA-Appl\Bhatnagar_Chapter 05.indd

94 | Chapter 5 ACE Pro India Pvt. Ltd.

of communication are actually interrelated
4 4 and interdependent. The actual commu-
3 1 3
1 2 5 a 2 5 a nication process begins at stage 1 which
b b represents the occurrence of an event, any-
thing that can be perceived. This event is the
stimulus. Although not all communication
occurs with reference to such external stim-
uli, communication makes sense. Johnson
argues that only when it does in some way
Figure 5.9
Wendell Johnson Model (1951) relate to the external world. At stage 2 the
Source: Communicology, Devito, 1978. observer is stimulated through one or more
sensory channels. The opening at stage 2 is
purposely illustrated as relatively small to emphasize the out of all the pos-
sible stimuli in the world, only a small part of these actually stimulate the
observer. At stage 3, organismic evaluations occur.
Audibility never impulses travel from the sense organs to the brain which
effect certain bodily changes in, e.g., muscular tension. At stage 4 the feel-
ings aroused at stage 3 are beginning to be translated into words, a process
that takes place in accordance with the individual’s unique language habits.
At stage 5, from all the possible linguistic symbols certain ones are selected
and arranged into some pattern. At stage 1 the words that the speaker utters,
by means of sound waves, or the words that are written, by means of light
waves, serve as stimulation for the hearer, much as the outside event at stage 1
served as stimulation for the speaker. At stage 2, the hearer is stimulated; at
stage 3 there are organismic evaluations; at stage 4 feelings are beginning to
be translated into words; at stage 5 certain of these symbols are selected and
arranged; and at 1 these symbols, in the form of sound and/or light waves,
are emitted and serve as stimulation for another hearer. The process is a con-
tinuous one (Devito 1978).

newcomb’s Model (1953)
X As we have seen Lasswell’s model was linear like
the earlier model of Shannon and Weaver or
G. Gerbner. But Newcomb’s model introduced to
us a fundamentally new and different shape. Its
main significance however lies in the fact that it
is the first of the models to introduce the role of
A B
communication in a society or a social relation-
Figure 5.10 ship. The role according to Theodore Newcomb
Newcomb’s Model (1953) is to maintain equilibrium with the social system.
Source: Introduction to Communication Studies, The model works as follows:
John Fiske, 1982.

Bhatnagar_Chapter 05.indd 94 2011-06-23 7:56:08 PM
Modified Date: Thu, Jun 23, 2011 06:22:39 PM Output Date: Thu, Jun 23, 2011 07:56:03 PM
TEMPLATE Page Number: PB