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mean, you can tell by the response and refine your message. The student
responds to and gives a feedback to the teacher either verbally or non-
verbally. This is how the process of communication is completed.
Figure 2.2 illustrates how the process of communication is repeated until
both parties have finished expressing themselves. The process is effective
only when each step is successful. In other words, ideas cannot be commu-
nicated if any step in this process is skipped or is completed incorrectly.

Phase 1 Phase 6
Sender C Receiver
has an idea H sends feedback
A
N
N
E
L
Phase 2 Phase 5
Sender A Receiver
transforms idea N interprets the
into a message D message
(encoding) (decoding)
M
E
D
I
U
Phase 3 M Phase 4
Sender Receiver
transmits the gets the
message message

Figure 2.2
Repetition of the process of communication

Communication Barriers
Even if these six steps are successfully completed, other hurdles may prevent
a speaker from communicating effectively. Communication is successful
only when the receiver understands the message as intended by the sender/
teacher. For example, noise is an interference in the communication process
that distorts or obscures the sender’s/teacher’s meaning.

Communication Barriers Between People
When you send a message, you intend to communicate its meaning, but the
message itself does not contain the meaning. The meaning exists in your

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