Page 10 - Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering Ebook

Contenits xi

7.5.8 Oxygen-Limited Fermentation 407
7.5.9 Scale-up 407
Summary 408
Questions and Problems 410
CD-ROM Material 423
Journal Critique Problems 424
Supplementary Reading 424

8 STEADY-STATE NONISOTHERMAL REACTOR DESIGN 8426

8.1 Rationale 426
8.2 The Energy Balance 427
8.2.1 First Law Thermodynamics 427
8.2.2 Evaluating the Work Term 429
8.2.3 Dissecting the Steady-State Molar Flow Rates
to Obtain the Heat of Reaction 430
8.2.4 Dissecting the Enthalpies 432
8.2.5 Relating 8Hh(T), 8Hoh, and 8Cp 434
8.2.6 Constant of Mean Heat Capacities 435
8.2.7 Variable Heat Capacities 436
8.2.8 Heat Added to the Reactor, Q 438
8.3 Nonisothermal Continuous-Flow Reactors 440
8.3.1 Application to the CSTR 441
8.3.2 Adiabatic Tubular Reactor 451
8.3.3 Steady-State Tubular Reactor
with Heat Exchange 458
8.4 Equilibrium Conversion 468
8.4.1 Adiabatic Temperature and Equilibrium
Conversion 468
19.4.2 Optimum Feed Temperature 476
8.5 Nonadiabatic Reactor Operation: Oxidation of Sulfur
Dioxide Example 478
8.5.1 Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid 478
(3.5.2 Catalyst Quantities 481
K.5.3 Reactor Configuration 482
8.5.4 Operating Conditions 482
8.6 bvlultiple Steady States 490
EL6.I Heat-Removed Term, R(T) 491
616.2 Heat of Generation, G(T) 492
8.6.3 Ignition-Extinction Curve 493
8.6.4 Runaway Reactions 497
8.6.5 Steady-State Bifircation Analysis 498
8.7 Monisothermal Multiple Chemical Reactions 500
8.7.1 Plug-Flow Reactors 500
8.7.2 CSTR 504
Summary 507