Page 120 - Encyclopedia of Chemical Compounds 3 Vols

H +
OH –
H N H

H

OTHER NAMES:
Ammonia solution,
aqua ammonia,
ammonium hydrate,
spirits of hartshorn
Ammonium Hydroxide
FORMULA:
NH 4 OH
ELEMENTS:
Nitrogen, hydrogen,
oxygen KE OVERVIEW
COMPOUND TYPE: Ammonium hydroxide (uh-MOH-ni-um hye-DROK-side)
Inorganic base Y is a clear, colorless aqueous solution consisting of ammonia
gas dissolved in water. The compound does not exist in any
STATE: F
other state. Ammonium hydroxide has a strong pungent,
Aqueous solution
suffocating odor caused by the release of ammonia gas from
A
the solution. Most solutions of ammonium hydroxide range
solution)
(exists only in C
in concentration from less than one percent to about 35 percent
ammonia. For most commercial purposes the lowest concen-
T
35.05 g/mol tration is about 10 percent ammonia in water.
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: S
MELTING POINT:
Not applicable HOW IT IS MADE
Ammonium hydroxide is prepared by passing ammonia
BOILING POINT:
gas (NH 3 ) into water. Once prepared, ammonium hydroxide
Not applicable
solutions tend to be very stable.
SOLUBILITY:
Not applicable
COMMON USES AND POTENTIAL HAZARDS
The uses of ammonium hydroxide are closely related to
those of ammonia gas from which it is made. The advantage

CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS 69