Page 10 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd Organic Chemistry

P1: GLQ Revised Pages
Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN001F-4 May 7, 2001 16:19

62 Acetylene

TABLE V Applications of Reppe Chemicals a
Product Applications b
Propargyl alcohol Metal treatment; corrosion inhibition; oil-well acidizing; electroplating; intermediate for vitamin A and pesticides
Butyne-1,4-diol Important Reppe starting material; metal treatment; acid pickling; electroplating additive; stabilization of
chlorinated solvents; intermediate for pesticides
Butene-1,4-diol Intermediate for pesticides, pharmaceuticals, fungicides, and bacteriacides; polyurethane intermediate
Butane-1,4-diol Important Reppe intermediate for THF, butyrolactone, and PVP polymers; manufacture of polybutylene
terphthalate; polyurethanes, spandex fibers; specialty plasticizers
γ -Butyrolactone Intermediate for pyrrolidone and PVP; acetylene solvent (Sacchse); specialty solvent for polymers, lacquers,
paint removers, and petroleum processing; intermediate for herbicides, azo dyes, and methionine
Tetrahydrofuran Continuous top coating of automotive vinyl upholstery, general solvent for resins; coating of cellophane with
vinylidene polymers; polymers; polyurethane polymers; spandex fibers
Pyrrolidone Intermediate for N-vinyl and PVP polymers; powerful solvent for resins; acetylene solvent; polar reaction solvent;
formulating agent; floor waxes; specialty inks; reaction intermediate
N-Methylpyrrolidone Commercial acetylene solvent; uses same as pyrrolidone; selective extraction solvent for butadiene purification
(cracked naphtha); spinning synthetic fibers; surface coatings; pigment dispersant; formulating agent
N-Vinylpyrrolidone Intermediate for PVP polymers; functional monomer; lube oil manufacture; copolymer applications; paints,
paper-coating adhesives, cosmetics; increased dye receptivity; pigment dispersant
a
Reprinted from Tedeschi, R. J. (1982). “Acetylene-Based Chemicals from Coal and Other Natural Resources,” pp. 101–102, courtesy of
Dekker, New York.
b
THF, tetrahydrofuran; PVP, polyvinylpyrrolidone.
copolymers, acetylenic alcohols and diols, and poly- from metal treatment and corrosion inhibition to inter-
butylene terphthalate are discussed in subsequent mediates, specialty solvents for acetylene and polymers,
sections. top coating and spinning of fibers, preparation of speci-
alty polymers and engineering plastics, vitamins A and
E, and pesticides. The most important products in terms
A. Applications of Reppe Products
of production and sales are butanediol and tetrahydrofu-
The uses of both butynediol and propargyl alcohol and ran (THF), which are key building blocks for engineer-
their derivatives are quite diverse (Table V). They vary ing plastics, polyurethanes, and spandex fibers. Table VI

TABLE VI Applications of Polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers a
Product Composition b Applications
Polyvinylpyrrolidone — Approved by the Food and Drug Administration for food and drug use; blood
plasma expander; nontoxic, biodegradable; varied uses
Polyclar AT Standard PVP grade Beverage clarification aid (fruit juices, wines, beer); chill proofing of beer;
(white powder) complexing agent
Plasdone Pharmaceutical-grade PVP Tablet manufacture (granulating agent); tablet coating; liquid dosages; topical
preparations; stabilizer, dispersant, drainage aid (syringes); skin creams, hair
sprays, shampoos, general cosmetic use
Kolima adhesive Modified, clear high-solids Superior glue-line strength; sealing of smooth hard surfaces; grease and
polymers (Kolima PVP solutions chemical resistance; superior adhesion at temperature extremes; superior
35, 55, 75) surface wetting; residual tack and viscosity control applications
Ganex V polymers Proprietary PVP polymers Coatings, detergents, pigment dispersants, plastic additives, textiles, petroleum
applications, protective colloids for vinyl lattices, improved freeze-thaw
stability and scrub resistance
Polectron (P) emulsion PVP copolymer lattices: P-130 Adhesives: remoistenables, pressure sensitise, heat-sealing applications
copolymers (ethyl acrylate); P-230 Coatings: leather sizes and finishes, metal primers
(2-ethylhexylacrylate); P-430, Paper: board sizing, pigment binding, precoating, heat sealing
450 (styrene); P825L, Textiles: fabric laminates, oil repellent finishes, permanent pressing, polyester
845L (vinyl acetate) sizing
a Reprinted from Tedeschi, R. J. (1982). “Acetylene-Based Chemicals from Coal and other Natural Resources,” pp. 134–135, courtesy of
Dekker, New York.
b