Page 151 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd Analytical Chemistry

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Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN005F220 June 15, 2001 20:44

Elemental Analysis,

Organic Compounds

T. S. Ma
City University of New York

I. Introduction
II. Determination of Carbon,
Hydrogen, and Nitrogen
III. Determination of Oxygen
IV. Determination of Sulfur
V. Determination of Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine
VI. Determination of Fluorine
VII. Determination of Arsenic and Phosphorus
VIII. Determination of Metallic Elements
IX. Other Methods for Determining Atomic Ratios

GLOSSARY find out the content of a particular element in the
sample.
Absorption tube Tube that contains reagent to absorb Digestion Heating the sample in a solution.
certain gaseous reaction products. Fusion Heating the sample mixed with solid
CHN analyzer Apparatus that determines carbon, hydro- reagents.
gen, and nitrogen simultaneously. Kjeldahl flask Flask with pear-shaped bottom and long
CHNS/O analyzer Apparatus that can be used to deter- neckfor the determination of nitrogen, phosphorus,and
mine carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur simulta- so forth by digestion in strong acids.
neously, and oxygen separately. Mode of finish Method used to measure the product ob-
Combustion Heating at high temperatures. tained after the decomposition of the organic com-
Combustion train Apparatus connected in series for pound.
combusting the sample and collecting the reaction Sch¨oniger flask Conical flask fitted with a stopper sealed
products. toplatinumgauze,foruseinthedeterminationofsulfur,
Decomposition Breaking down of the organic molecule. halogens, and so forth by the closed-flask combustion
Determination of an element Quantitative analysis to technique.

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