Page 206 - Energy from Toxic Organic Waste for Heat and Power Generation
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184 Energy from Toxic Organic Waste for Heat and Power Generation
and improved swirl and squish motion of air and is the main cause for the
observed trends of result. Lowered HC and CO levels in the exhaust were
associated with increased BTE. During tri-fuel operation, higher percent-
age of fuel oil in HOME leads to incomplete combustion. It could be due
to retarded combustion caused by use of high-octane number fuel in the
blend. However, with basic combustion chamber (HCC), proper mixing of
fuels may not occur, leading to higher HC and CO emission levels caused
by the incomplete combustion. The HC values for HOME-PG(HCC) and
HOME-PG(RCC) operation with 10%, 20%, and 30% fuel oil were found
to be 46, 44, 41 ppm and 38 ppm, respectively, compared to 33 ppm for
diesel-PG operation (HCC). Similarly, CO values for HOME-PG(HCC)
and HOME-PG(RCC) operation with 10%, 20%, and 30% fuel oil were
found to be 0.36%, 0.32%, 0.312% and 0.29%, respectively, compared to
0.24% for diesel-PG operation (HCC).
For the same combustion chambers used in the study, higher NO x lev-
els were obtained for diesel-PG combination when compared to HOME-
producer gas dual fuel operation over the entire load range (Fig. 11.25).
Better burning of the diesel-PG fuel combination during premixed com-
bustion phase rather than diffusion combustion phase is responsible for
these observed trends. In addition to lower energy content of both HOME
and producer gas, incomplete combustion due to poor utilization of air
during combustion is also responsible for these observed trends. However,
NO x emission levels were increased with increase in fuel oil in HOME
blends and use of RCC further adds to these trends. Improved combustion
Speed: 1500 RPM, CR: 17.5
Inj.timing: 27bTDC, Biomass: Babul wood
140 Injector: For diesel 3hole, 0.2 mm, for HOME 4hole, 0.3mm
IOP: For diesel 205bar, for HOME 230bar
120 Carburetor: Parallel flow gas entry
Nitric oxide (ppm) 80
100
60
Diesel-PG (HCC)
40
HOME-PG (HCC)
HOME+FO10-PG (RCC)
20 HOME+FO20-PG (RCC)
HOME+FO30-PG (RCC)
0
0.00 0.74 1.48 2.22 2.96 3.70
Brake power (kW)
Fig. 11.25 Effect of combustion chamber shape and fuel oil addition on nitric oxide
emission.