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CHAPTER 4

Toxic Waste From Textile

Industries

†
N.M. Sivaram*, P.M. Gopal , Debabrata Barik †
* Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, U.T. of
Puducherry, India
† Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Textile is a material that is knitted and produced from yarn. In textile
industry, the raw material like cotton or wool is converted into yarn by the
process of spinning which is further utilized to generate the cloth. The pro-
cesses employed in the conversion of raw materials into finished products
including developing, producing, manufacturing, and distributing textiles
are included in the textile industry [1,2].
The origin and growth in World Textile industry was begun in Britain as
the spinning and weaving technologies were developed in that nation. High
production of wool, cotton, and silk across the world has enhanced the
development of textile industry in the recent years. In spite of the fact that
the textile industry has its origin in United Kingdom, in the 19th century the
textile manufacturing moved to Europe and North America following the
modernization process in these regions [3].
The textile industry produces yarns and fabrics basically for clothing
needs. Nowadays, the application of textile products is found in many other
fields as well. Textile industry produces synthetic arteries and livers for pa-
tients who need heart and liver transplants [4]. In automobiles, the air filter
and oil filter used are actually textile. The automobiles also have textiles
like the seatbelt, the seat covers, and the carpet [5]. The textile industry is a
global market that encompasses industries from healthcare to high fashion
to diapers and beyond. Whether the products are conventional textiles made
for esthetics or technical textiles made for use, all of them are created from
fiber, thread, yarn, or filaments [4].
Nearly every country around the globe has involvement in the textile
industry, either in creation of products, shipping of products, or in making

Energy from Toxic Organic Waste for Heat and Power Generation © 2019 Elsevier Ltd.
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