Page 6 - Essentials of physical chemistry

Contents

Preface............................................................................................................................................ xiii
Author ........................................................................................................................................... xvii
List of Constants............................................................................................................................ xix
Periodic Table of the Elements...................................................................................................... xxi
Introduction: Mathematics and Physics Review.......................................................................... xxiii

Chapter 1 Ideal and Real Gas Behavior....................................................................................... 1
Introduction to the ‘‘First Encounter with Physical Chemistry’’ ................................ 1
Phenomenological Derivation of the Ideal Gas Equation........................................... 1
Charles’ (Jacques-Alexandre-César Charles) Law...................................................... 4
Useful Units................................................................................................................. 8
Molecular Weight from Gas Density (the Dumas Bulb Method) ............................ 10
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures ............................................................................. 11
Nonideal Gas Behavior ............................................................................................. 13
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography ......................................................................... 18
Fluids .................................................................................................................... 19
Supercritical Fluid Instrumentation ...................................................................... 20
Supercritical Mobile Phase................................................................................... 21
Sample SCF Separations ...................................................................................... 21
Summary.................................................................................................................... 22
Problems.................................................................................................................... 23
References ................................................................................................................. 24

Chapter 2 Viscosity of Laminar Flow........................................................................................ 25
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 25
Measurement of Viscosity......................................................................................... 28
Viscosity of Blood..................................................................................................... 30
Staudinger’s Rule for Polymer Molecular Weight.................................................... 31
Summary.................................................................................................................... 34
Problems.................................................................................................................... 35
References ................................................................................................................. 35

Chapter 3 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases................................................................... 37
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 37
Kinetic Assumptions of the Theory of Gases........................................................... 37
Weighted Averaging: A Very Important Concept.................................................... 39
Summary.................................................................................................................... 50
Problems.................................................................................................................... 51
References ................................................................................................................. 51

Chapter 4 The First Law of Thermodynamics........................................................................... 53
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 53
Historical Development of Thermodynamics ........................................................... 53
Definitions ................................................................................................................. 54
First Law of Thermodynamics.................................................................................. 55
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