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166 Chapter 5 Water Hydraulics, Transmission, and Appurtenances

Discharge in gallons per day

10,000 20,000 40,000 100,000 200,000 400,000 1,000,000 2,000,000 4,000,000 10,000,000

100 1 7.0
80 2 2
3 6.0
60
50 5.0 4
4.5
40 4.0 5
30 3.5 6 7
Diameter 2” 2.5 10 11 12
20 3.0 8 9

10 2.0 13 14 15 16
8 18 20 22
6 1.5 24
5 1 1.0
Loss of head in feet per thousand 1.0 2 2 0.4 3 0.6 0.8 4 5 6 7 8 9
4
3
2

0.8
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 20 22

0.1 Velocity in feet per second 24 26 28 30 33
0.08 36 39 42
0.06 48
0.2 54
0.05 60 66
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.1
0.4
0.01
0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.080.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 2 3 4 6 8 10
Discharge in million gallons per day
Figure 5.5a Hazen-Williams Pipe Flow Diagram for Discharge of 0.01 to 10 MGD for C
100. Conversion factors: 1 MGD 3.785 MLD 43.8 L/s; 1 gpd 3.785 L/d; 1ft/1,000 ft
1 m/1,000m 1‰; 1 in. 25.4 mm; 1 ft/s 0.3048 m/s.