Page 135 - From Smart Grid to Internet of Energy

Chapter 4

Power line communication

technologies in smart grids

Chapter outline
4.1 Introduction 119 4.4.1 ITU-T G.9902 G.hnem
4.2 Classification of PLC systems 121 standard 140
4.2.1 Ultra-narrow band 4.4.2 ITU G.9903 G3-PLC
PLC 122 standard 143
4.2.2 Narrowband PLC 124 4.4.3 ITU-T G.9904 PRIME
4.2.3 Broadband PLC 126 standard 147
4.3 Characteristics of power 4.4.4 The IEEE 1901.2
lines 126 standard 151
4.3.1 Electricity grids and 4.5 EMC regulations for
regional differences 131 PLC systems 153
4.3.2 Underground cables 4.5.1 NB PLC regulations 154
characteristics 134 4.5.2 BB PLC regulations 155
4.3.3 Overhead power-lines 4.6 Case study PLC applications
characteristics 134 for smart grids 155
4.4 PLC regulations and standards 137 References 166

4.1 Introduction
Power line communication (PLC) systems utilize existing electrical power sys-
tems as a communication medium to enable data transmission over power lines,
whereas the main task of the power lines is the delivery of AC (at 50 or 60 Hz
frequency) or DC electric power from energy generation plants to the users/cus-
tomers. The main superiority of the PLC systems is evident that these systems
can save new channel establishment cost because of the fact that power lines are
in use all over the world. Therefore, in last two decade, PLC systems have
attracted much interest in the field of communication and smart grid (SG) sys-
tems, and in several application areas such as home automation, in-vehicle com-
munication, automatic meter reading (AMR) and demand response and so forth
[1–10].
Although the PLC systems have become more popular in the last two
decades, the idea behind of the PLC dates back to the 1800s. The first PLC

From Smart Grid to Internet of Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819710-3.00004-1
© 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 119