Page 370 - From Smart Grid to Internet of Energy

Chapter 9

Roadmap from smart grid to

internet of energy concept

Chapter outline
9.1 Introduction 335 9.3.3 Network topologies
9.2 Vision and motivation of IoE 337 for EI 345
9.3 Architecture of EI systems 340 9.4 Current challenges of
9.3.1 Energy routers 342 EI systems 346
9.3.2 Information sensing References 347
and processing 345

9.1 Introduction

Recently, several concerns have appeared based on the climate change, scarcity of
fossil resources and greenhouse gases caused by conventional energy generation
systems. Energy generation systems based on renewable energy sources (RESs)
have gained a great attention depending on these issues, and the use of RESs such
as solar and wind energy systems has become widespread nowadays. The most
important advantages of these sources are both generating energy with low cost
andbeingeco-friendly.TheuseofRESsneedstobecomemorewidespreadinorder
to handle these significant issues. However, these green systems come with new
challenges such as power grid integration issues of RES systems. In addition,
real-time monitoring of these microgrids is another important challenge for these
systems to ensure sustainability of energy generation systems [1–5]. The wide-
spreaduse and extensive studies onsmart grid(SG)isimprovingknowledge based
on it. However, it is not still adequate to overcome of the complexity, diversity,
variety and massive data sizes of entire system. Although the SG is interested in
singletypeofenergyaselectricity,thereotherssuchaschemical,thermalandelec-
tromagnetic energyprovidewideusage areas.Onthe otherhand,electricityflowis
managed by distribution system operators (DSOs) even in SG applications where
two-way power feed exist between consumer and DSOs. The internet of energy
(IoE)orenergyinternet(EI)isassumedasthenextrevolutionaryphaseofSGsince
itbringsflexibilityofusinganytypeofenergybesideselectricity,andenablescon-
sumers and prosumers to route energy in any direction. The EI is integration of

From Smart Grid to Internet of Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819710-3.00009-0
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