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286                                                                    Mohammad Ali Ahmadi


                of best practice and BAT [63]. Environmental implications of shale gas production
                from early stages should be evaluated on a life-cycle basis instead of focusing on a sin-
                gle activity [63]. Periodical environmental assessment in a long-term plan is also cru-
                cial to evaluate how shale gas can contribute to the environmental issues, i.e., climate
                change and global warming. Finally, various strategies over different time span could
                be proposed with and without shale gas production development to determine its
                impacts on the energy supply as well as environment.


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