Page 284 - Fundamentals of Geomorphology

GLACIAL AND GLACIOFLUVIAL LANDSCAPES 267

Plate 10.13 Terminal moraine in front of a cirque glacier, Cordillera Blanca, Peru.
(Photograph by Neil Glasser)

Table 10.4 Glaciofluvial landforms
Formative process Landform Description

Subglacial
Erosion by Tunnel valley (Rinnen) A large, subglacial meltwater channel eroded into soft sediment or
subglacial water bedrock
Subglacial gorge Deep channel eroded in bedrock
Nye (bedrock) channel Meltwater channel cut into bedrock under high pressure
Channel in loose sediment Meltwater channel eroded in unconsolidated or other types of glacial
deposit
Glacial meltwater chute Channel running down a steep rock slope marginal to a glacier
Glacial meltwater pothole Circular cavity bored into bedrock by meltwater
Sichelwannen Crescentic depressions and scallop-like features on bedrock surfaces
(‘sickle-shape troughs’) caused largely by meltwater, with cavitation being a key process
Deposition in Esker Lengthy, winding ridge or series of mounds, composed mainly of
subglacial stratified or semistratified sand and gravel
channels, etc Nye channel fill Debris plugging a Nye channel
Moulin kame Mound of debris accumulated at the bottom of a moulin
Ice marginal (ice contact)
Ice-marginal Meltwater (or hillside) Meltwater channel tending to run along the side of a cold glacier
stream erosion channel
Overflow channel Meltwater channel cut by marginal stream overtopping low cols at or
below the ice-surface level
Continued