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272 PROCESS AND FORM



                                                                                   D D



                                                                      C C
                                                                                E E
                             A A
                                              B B


                                                                            11
                                                                                   F F
                                  2                           10
                             1     3   4
                                                        9
                                                    8
                                                             12
                        5
                                   6                                 13




                            7




                                                         G G







                    Ice sheets and ice flowlines   Major spillways             Proglacial lakes
               A Scandinavian                  1 Maryinsky  8 Kas–Ket          Flood outbursts from
               B Kara centre of the Barents–Karan  2 Pegishdor  9 Tungusky     ice-dammed lakes
               C East Siberian                 3 Keltman  10 Vilyuysky
               D Chukchi centre of the Beringian  4 Mylvan  11 Tompo           Drifting icebergs
               E Chersko–Kolyman               5 Manych   12 Manzurka
               F Okhotan                       6 Turgay   13 Khilok–
               G Tibetan                       7 Uzboy       Ingodan           Freshwater plumes
                    Floating ice sheets            Meltwater flow in           Loess-covered
                    and flowlines                  drainage systems            terrain


              Figure 10.8 Glacial spillways in northern Eurasia. For a more recent and better-dated reconstruction late-Quaternary
              ice-sheet history in northern Eurasia, see Svendsen et al. (2004).
              Source: Adapted from Grosswald (1998)
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