Page 411 - Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design

Structural and Functional Materials Chapter | 13 389

TABLE 13.1 Factors Impairing the MFR First Wall Performance
Factor Effect Consequences
1 2 3
Neutrons High-temperature Long-term strength and plasticity
radiation-induced degradation Intergranular fracture at
embrittlement low deformations
(HTRE)
Low-temperature Embrittlement at low temperatures
radiation-induced Reduction of metal’s capacity for strain
embrittlement hardening and uniform deformation
(LTRE) Impairment of construction bearing
capacity and lifetime
Loss of leak-tightness of thin-wall
shells
Radiation-driven Intensified HTRE and LTRE
diffusion and Reduction of construction bearing
decay of solid capacity and lifetime
solutions Changes in metal electrical resistivity
and magnetic permeability
Impairment of magnetic field design
topology
Gas-driven and Reduction of metal’s ability for plastic
vacancy swelling deformation
Structure volume increase
Additional mechanical stresses
Construction bending as a result of
non-uniform swelling
Irradiation- Creep intensification and reduction of
induced creep its temperature threshold
Reduced long-term strength
Risk of construction abrupt destruction
Distortion of parts’ original shape
Radiation Radioactive elements formation and
activation induced radioactivity
Radiogenesis Fusion reaction induced changes
in element composition, including
helium accumulation
Reduction of construction bearing
capacity and lifetime

(Continued )