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204                    Fundamentals of Probability and Statistics for Engineers

                          f X (x)
                         0.4

                         0.3

                         0.2


                         0.1
                                          68.3%
                          0                                  x
                                    m–σ    m   m +σ
                           (a)

                           f X (x)
                         0.4


                         0.3

                         0.2

                         0.1
                                          95.5%
                          0                                  x
                               m –2σ        m       m +2σ
                           (b)

                          f X (x)
                         0.4

                         0.3

                         0.2


                         0.1
                                           99.7%
                          0                                   x
                         m – 3σ             m             m + 3σ
                          (c)


           Figure 7.7 The Area under the normal density function within the range (a) m     , (b)

                                   m               3
                                       2  , and (c) m




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