Page 75 - Fundamentals of Water Treatment Unit Processes : Physical, Chemical, and Biological

30 Fundamentals of Water Treatment Unit Processes: Physical, Chemical, and Biological

TABLE 2.4 (continued)
Contaminant Categorization
Category Subcategory Group Representative Contaminants
Surrogates UV 254
THMFP (24 h)
THMFP (96 h)
Total organic halides (TOX) Trichlorophenol
Chloroacetone
Chloroethanol
Chloroacetic acid
Total organic carbon (TOC) Trichlorophenol
Chloroacetone
Chloroethanol
Chloroacetic acid
Total organic carbon (TOC)
Natural organic matter (NOM)
Synthetic organic compounds
Aromatic compounds Benzene
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) Alcohols
Aldehydes
Dissolved gases Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Ammonia
Methane
Characteristics pH
Temperature
Color
Taste
Odor
Floating material
Esthetic
Parameters Specific electrical conductance (EC)
Turbidity
Particle counts

TABLE 2.5
Pathogenic Organisms
Category Species Disease
120 types of enteric viruses cause disease
Enteroviruses a Polioviruses (Sobsey, 1975, p. 415) (3) Poliomyelitis, aseptic meningitis
Coxsackieviruses A (Sobsey, 1975, p. 415) (23) Herpangina, aseptic meningitis, exanthem
Coxsackieviruses B (Sobsey, 1975, p. 415) (6) Aseptic meningitis, epidemic myalgia, myocarditis,
pericarditis
Echoviruses (Sobsey, 1975, p. 415) Aseptic meningitis, exanthem, gastroenteritis
Adenoviruses (Sobsey, 1975, p. 415) (31) Upper respiratory illness, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis
Reoviruses (Sobsey, 1975, p. 415) (3) Upper respiratory illness, diarrhea, exanthem
Hepatitis A viruses (Sobsey, 1975, p. 415) Viral hepatitis type A or ‘‘infectious hepatitis’’
Gastroenteritis viruses Acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis
Coliphages Infect coliform bacterium, Escherichia coli