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IMPLICATIONS OF PLATE TECTONICS 407

Fig. 13.2 Possible circulation pattern of surface ocean currents during the early Triassic (245 Ma). Figs 13.2–13.7.
Continental reconstructions, and present and paleo-shorelines, are from Smith et al., 1994 (Copyright © Cambridge
University Press, reproduced with permission). Land areas shaded. Any indication of a surface equatorial counter
current has been omitted, because of the uncertainties surrounding its existence and location in the geologic past. The
currents shown in Figs 13.3, 13.5, 13.6, and 13.7 are based in part on Haq, 1989.

Fig. 13.3 As for Fig. 13.2, for the Late Jurassic (160 Ma).

Fig. 13.4 As for Fig. 13.2, for the Early Cretaceous (130 Ma).