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Emerging Models of Corporate Entrepreneurship           95



              Dedicated         The Enabler             The Producer
                              The company provides   The company establishes
                               funding and senior    and supports a full-service
                              executive attention to  group with a mandate for
                               prospective projects.  corporate entrepreneurship.
                                 Example: Google         Example: Cargill
               Resource
              Authority
                              The Opportunist           The Advocate
                               The company has no
                              deliberate approach to  The company strongly
                            corporate entrepreneurship.  evangelizes for corporate
                                                      entrepreneurship, but
                           Internal and external networks  business units provide
                            drive concept selection and  the primary funding.
                               resource allocation.
                Ad Hoc                                  Example: DuPont
                                Example: Zimmer

                             Diffused       Organizational      Focused
                                              Ownership

            Figure 3-1


              (focused ownership and ad hoc resource allocation), and the
              Producer (focused ownership and dedicated resources). Each
              model represents a distinct way of fostering corporate entre-
              preneurship. In the remainder of this chapter, we will describe
              each model and provide examples of companies that have
              adopted each approach. In Chapter 4, we will help you deter-
              mine which model or models may be right for your company.



            The Opportunist Model

              All companies begin as Opportunists. Without any designated
              organizational ownership or resources, corporate entrepre-
              neurship proceeds (if it does at all) based on the efforts and
              serendipity of intrepid “project champions”—people who toil
              against the odds, often creating new businesses in spite of the
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