Page 196 - Handbook of Battery Materials

References 165

Under typical operating pressures (30–50 atm), a nickel–hydrogen battery will
lose 50% of its capacity in a week. The self-discharge rate is about five times
that encountered in sealed nickel–cadmium batteries, where the rate-determining
step is oxygen evolution [100]. Tsenter and Sluzhevskii [101] developed a set of
kinetic equations to describe the self-discharge process; in their model its rate
depends on the hydrogen pressure and the amount of undischarged NiOOH in
the cell. Experimental results of Srinivasan and co-workers confirm many aspects
of this model [102]. They used a combination of microcalorimetry, open-circuit
voltage measurements, and capacity measurements to study the problem. By doing
measurements on the active material and substrate, separately and combined, they
were able to establish that hydrogen oxidation occurs predominantly on the charged
active material with simultaneous reduction of the oxide.

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