Page 29 - Handbook of Lasers

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

Nd 3+
Ce 3+

Ce 3+
Tm 3+
Nd 3+
Nd 3+

Tm 3+

Pr 3+ ,Tm 3+

Er 3+

Tm 3+

Pr 3+
Tm 3+
Pr 3+
Pr 3+ ,Tb 3+

Ho 3+ ,Er 3+

Er 3+
Sm 3+

Pr 3+

Eu 3+

Er 3+

Pr 3+
Pr 3+
Sm 3+ ,Tm 3+
Er 3+

Pr 3+ ,Sm 2+ ,Er 3+

Pr 3+
Nd 3+
Ho 3+

Tm 3+

Er 3+
Pr 3+

Pr 3+

Nd 3+ ,Pm 3+

Ho 3+
Er 3+
Ho 3+
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Wavelength ( mm)
Figure 1.1.10a Approximate wavelengths of crystalline lanthanide-ion lasers; exact
wavelengths are dependent on the host and temperature and the specific Stark levels involved
(from the Handbook of Laser Wavelengths, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1998).
Codopant ions have been added to improve the optical pumping efficiency of laser ions
via fluorescence sensitization. Lanthanide laser ions and codopant sensitizing ions that have
been reported are summarized in Table 1.1.1. Sensitizing ions, if present, are listed with the
host crystal in the laser tables in Section 1.1.6.
Codopant ions have also been added to relax the terminal laser level and prevent self-
terminated laser action. Laser transitions and codopant deactivating ions are listed in Table
1.1.2.

©2001 CRC Press LLC