Page 33 - Handbook of Lasers

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Table 1.1.3
Multi-step Upconversion Excitation Schemes
optical transition Þ ion-ion energy transfer transitions ß nonradiative transition

Upper
Laser laser Codopant
ion level ion Upconversion excitation cheme
s
1
3
Pr 3+ 3 P 0 — 1) H ﬁ G 4
4
1
3
2) G ﬁ P 1 ß 3 P 0
4
2
3+
2
Yb 3+ 1) F 7/2 ﬁ F 5/2 (Yb )
1
3+
2
2
3+
3
2) F 5/2 – F 7/2 (Yb ) Þ H – G (Pr )
4
4
3
1
3) G ﬁ P 1,0
4
4
4
Nd 3+ 4 D 3/2 — 1) I 9/2 ﬁ F 5/2 ß 4 F 3/2
4
4
2) F 3/2 ﬁ D 3/2

4
4
1) I 9/2 ﬁ G 5/2 ß 4 F 3/2
4
4
2) F 3/2 ﬁ D 3/2

2 P 3/2 — 1) I 9/2 ﬁ G 5/2 ß 4 F 3/2
4
4
4
4
2) F 3/2 ﬁ D 3/2 ß 2 P 3/2

2
2
3+
Ho 3+ 5 S 2 Yb 3+ 1) F 7/2 ﬁ F 5/2 (Yb )
5
5
2
3+
2
3+
2) F 5/2 – F 7/2 (Yb ) Þ I – I (Ho )
6
8
2
3+
2
3) F 7/2 ﬁ F 5/2 (Yb )
3+
5
5
2
2
3+
4) F 5/2 – F 7/2 (Yb ) Þ I – S (Ho )
6
2
5 I 7 Yb 3+ 1) F 7/2 ﬁ F 5/2 (Yb )
2
2
3+
5
3+
2
5
5
2
3+
2) F 5/2 – F 7/2 (Yb ) Þ I – I (Ho ) ß 7
I
8
6
4
4
Er 3+ 2 P 3/2 — 1) I 15/2 ﬁ I 11/2 (Er 1 3+ )
4
4
2) I 15/2 ﬁ I 11/2 (Er 2 3+ )
4
4
4
4

3) I 11/2 – I 15/2 (Er 1 3+ ) Þ I 11/2 – F 7/2 ß 4 S 3/2 (Er 2 3+ )
4
4
2
4
4) S 3/2 – I 15/2 (Er 2 3+ ) Þ F 9/2 – K 13/2 (Er 3 3+ ) ß 2 P 3/2
4
4 G 11/2 — 1) I 15/2 ﬁ I 13/2 (fourfold) Þ G 11/2
4
4
4
2 H 9/2 — 1) I 15/2 ﬁ I 11/2 (Er 1 3+ )
4
4
4
2) I 15/2 ﬁ I 11/2 (Er 2 3+ )
4
4
4
4
3) I 11/2 – I 15/2 (Er 1 3+ ) Þ I 11/2 – F 7/2 (Er 2 3+ ) ß 4 S 3/2
4
4
I
4) I 15/2 ﬁ I 11/2ß 4 13/2 (Er 3 3+ )
4
2
4
4
5) S 3/2 – I 15/2 (Er 2 3+ ) Þ I 13/2 – H 9/2 (Er 3 3+ )
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