Page 40 - Handbook of Structural Steel Connection Design and Details

Fasteners and Welds for Structural Connections

Fasteners and Welds for Structural Connections 25

Summary. In preparing a weld symbol, insert size, weld-type symbol,
length of weld, and spacing, in that order from left to right. The per-
pendicular leg of the symbol for fillet, bevel, J, and flare-bevel welds
should be on the left of the symbol. Bear in mind also that arrow-side and
otherside welds are the same size unless otherwise noted. When billing
of detail material discloses the identity of the far side with the near side,
the welding shown for the near side also will be duplicated on the far side.
Symbols apply between abrupt changes in direction of welding unless
governed by the all-around symbol or dimensioning shown.
Where groove preparation is not symmetrical and complete, addi-
tional information should be given on the symbol. Also it may be nec-
essary to give weld-penetration information, as in Fig. 1.11. For the
weld shown, penetration from either side must be a minimum of ⁄16 in.
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The second side should be back-gouged before the weld there is made.
Welds also may be a combination of different groove and fillet welds.
While symbols can be developed for these, designers will save time by
supplying a sketch or enlarged cross section. It is important to convey
the required information accurately and completely to the workers who
will do the job.

1.3.3 Welding material
Weldable structural steels permissible in buildings are listed in AISC
Specification A3. Matching electrodes are given in AWS D1.1 Table 3.1.

1.3.4 Welding positions
The position of the stick electrode relative to the joint when a weld is
being made affects welding economy and quality.
The basic welding positions are as follows:
Flat with the face of the weld nearly horizontal. The electrode is
nearly vertical, and welding is performed from above the joint.
Horizontal with the axis of the weld horizontal. For groove welds,
the face of the weld is nearly vertical. For fillet welds, the face of

Figure 1.11 Penetration information is given on the welding
symbol in (a) for the weld shown in (b). Penetration must be at
3
least ⁄16 in. Second side must be back-gouged before the weld on
that side is made.

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