Page 10 - Hydrogeology Principles and Practice

HYDA01 12/5/05 5:44 PM Page ix

Boxes

1.1 The aqueducts of Rome 6
1.2 Groundwater development of the Quaternary Aquifer of the North China Plain 16

2.1 Application of Darcy’s law to simple hydrogeological situations 24
2.2 Laminar and turbulent flows 28
2.3 Flow nets and the tangent law 35
2.4 Potentiometric surface map of the London Basin 39
2.5 History of groundwater exploitation in the Chalk aquifer of the London Basin 41
2.6 Relationship between geology, geomorphology and groundwater in the Qu’Appelle Valley,
Saskatchewan 44
2.7 The thermal springs of Bath, England 48
2.8 Land subsidence in the Central Valley, California 53
2.9 Examples of analytical solutions to one-dimensional groundwater flow problems 59
2.10 Regional groundwater flow in the Lincolnshire Limestone aquifer, England 63
2.11 Large-scale groundwater flow in the Great Artesian Basin, Australia 64

3.1 Concentration units used in hydrochemistry 76
3.2 Hydrochemical evolution in the Floridan aquifer system 81
3.3 Active concentration 91
3.4 Acid–base reactions 92
3.5 Carbonate chemistry of the Jurassic limestones of the Cotswolds, England 94
3.6 Solubility product and saturation index 101
3.7 Cation exchange in the Lower Mersey Basin Permo-Triassic sandstone aquifer, England 104
3.8 Redox processes in the Lincolnshire Limestone aquifer, England 111
3.9 Microbially mediated denitrification 113
3.10 Hydrogeochemical characteristics of the Carnmenellis Granite, Cornwall, England 118

5.1 Application of the chloride budget method to the Quaternary sand aquifer of Senegal,
West Africa 162
5.2 Interpretation of a constant discharge pumping test and recovery test 178
5.3 Dye-tracer test in the Chepstow Block Carboniferous limestone aquifer,
south-west England 189
5.4 Single borehole dilution tracer test conducted at a Chalk aquifer site 191
5.5 Convergent radial flow tracer test conducted at a sand and gravel aquifer site 192
5.6 Groundwater modelling of the Monturaqui-Negrillar-Tilopozo aquifer, Chile 194