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IS0 9002 - Model for Quality Assurance in production, workforce and which must percolate from top management
installation and servicing. to the shopfloor. The systems must be effective, well
Applicable to those who make their products communicated, understood thoroughly and adhered to
on the basis of some proven designs, or strictly. The mode of system will largely depend upon
work as ancillaries for standard products. the type of industry or services. Generally, the systems
IS0 9003 - Model for Quality Assurance in Final are based on a commonsense technique, to achieve the
Inspection and Test. desired objectives, by dividing the total process related
Applicable to those who are engaged in to designing, production, programming and other functions
third-party inspection and testing. into many different key activities, identifying the likely
IS0 9004 - Quality Management and Quality System areas or processes where the work process may deviate
Elements - Guidelines. from the set parameters or where it can be further
Applicable to quality assurance for services, improved. All such key activities must be properly defined,
such as hotels and hospitals etc. documented, authorized and effectively enforced.
The human element, seen in errors, ignorance, lack of
All these standards have since been adopted by the training, lethargy, illiteracy or indiscipline, or indifference,
member countries as their national standards, fully or in must be monitored carefully. This may require either an
slightly modified forms, to suit their own requirements adequately qualified and experienced person or proper
and working conditions. These standards define and clarify job training. Indifference, for reasons other than the above,
the quality norms and aim at in-house quality disciplines, would be a matter for human resource development, where
to automatically and continually produce a product, a worker’s skills and habits may have to be adapted to fit
provide a service or programme to the stipulated speci- into the system.
fications, quality norms and customer needs. They guar-
antee a product or service with a minimum quality. The
envisaged quality systems thus aim at a work culture Ingredients of quality systems for a
that pervades all those involved in different key activities manufacturing unit
or processes, to achieve the desired goal through carefully Define the organizational structure
evolved systems.
Define the responsibilities
Vendor selection and development, for the inputs that
Quality systems go into the production of the items
These deal broadly with the quality concepts as applied Checks and controls over the inputs
to a product or services, such as design, programming or Product design
a process etc., practised by an organization, through better Process, planning and development
communication and understanding. They can be achieved Stage inspection, checks and controls, tests and a
through feedback system for corrective measures. The system
must help to identify the potential quality areas
Quality assurance schemes, and Records
Quality check systems Documentation
Packaging
The above are implemented through Quality Management Storage
(QW. Transportation
Quality Management stresses participation by all Receipt at site and
involved in the work system, and their commitment to a Installation and operation.
follow the systems meticulously and consistently.
There is a need for interaction and assessment of
This is only a broad outline for formulating a system.
different activities or processes to overcome any short- Procedures not applicable may be deleted and those not
comings by improving or readjusting the system of covered and are considered necessary may be included
working, operation or controls, to achieve a better work in the above list.
culture and an understanding and respect for all in the
system. When followed, this will result in the following:
Infrastructure facilities
Better work processes
Better production control To implement the above, the basic facilities that must be
Timely remedial action to achieve the set goals of available are:
quality and productivity.
Reviewing and implementing the changing needs of Human resources and specialized skills
the product in the face of tougher competition or
changed market conditions. Facility for training
Design facilities and engineering back-up
Manufacturing facilities
To draft quality systems and to adhere to Testing and quality check equipment
such disciplines Any other facility considered necessary to implement
This is a work culture. to be inculcated into the whole the quality systems in full.