Page 551 - Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse

CHAPTER 14

Industrial Wastewater Treatment,

Recycling, and Reuse—Past,

Present and Future

1
Vivek V. Ranade , Vinay M. Bhandari 1
Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
1
Corresponding author: vv.ranade@ncl.res.in; vm.bhandari@ncl.res.in

14.1 INTRODUCTION

The world went through a major transformation in the twentieth century,
and it has witnessed unprecedented advances in physics, chemistry, biology,
and engineering sciences. There have been spectacular changes in materials,
industrial operations, and computational processes, which themselves are
just broad classes for thousands of advances over the last century. Industri-
alization has resulted in significant life style improvements for human beings
in all spheres of living. Unfortunately, there is another side to this rosy pic-
ture in the form of increased risks to humans and the environment caused by
the industrialization and development that has taken place. The effects of
industrialization can be seen in the form of air, water, and soil pollution
that may threaten the very existence of living species on earth if remedial
measures are not taken. This is a Himalayan task and demands contributions
from individuals, groups, communities, industries, and governments.
We believe that in the coming years the newer forms of existing meth-
odologies and emerging technologies will dominate continuing develop-
ments worldwide and will contribute in a major way to alleviating the
risks posed by environmental pollution. Water is a critical element in this
scheme for safeguarding the environment, and, as a result, industrial waste-
water treatment is an issue that will remain in the forefront in the future.
Another facet to this problem is water scarcity around the world, especially
in developing countries. Water management is therefore one of the most
important problems facing those trying to ensure environmental protection
and sustainability, and this problem can best be resolved through effective
industrial wastewater treatment, recycling, and reuse.

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