Page 36 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

L1644_C01.fm Page 12 Monday, October 20, 2003 11:46 AM

1.5.1.3 Law on Integral Intervention of Environmental
Management

Directive 96/61 EU on Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control binds businesses
to:

• Achieve high-level human and environmental protection by establishing
an administrative intervention system applicable to those activities that
may affect human security and health as well as the environment
• Integrate all current licenses regarding emissions, wastes and air, and those
related to fire prevention, critical accidents and health protection, into a
sole license
• Ensure the public’s access to environmental information

This intervention system is based on the simplification of administrative proce-
dures to grant businesses environmental licenses as necessary, making involved
administrations co-responsible for granting licenses.

1.5.1.4 Environmental Policy Oriented to Product Recovery or
Collection at End of Life
Adopted July 12, 1996, the European Parliament and Council Directive governs the
management of end-of-life vehicles (ELV) that EU member states must implement
with adequate measures to assure manufacturers comply with all or a significant
part of the costs resulting from the treatment of end-of-life vehicles, or collect them
following the conditions stated in the directive.

1.5.1.5 Advance of Costs for End-of-Life Management

EU-directive on packaging and packaging waste: European Parliament and Council
Directive 94/62/EC of 20 December on packaging and packaging waste.
The Packaging Waste Regulations came into force on March 6, 1997. These new
regulations are the U.K.’s approach to meeting the recycling and recovery targets
set out in the EU Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste. The aim is to recover
50% of the 8 million tonnes of packaging waste produced in the U.K. It is estimated
that the cost is likely to be 0.02 U.S. $ per 10 U.S. $ of every shopping bill. Businesses
are only affected if they fall into three or four of the following categories (EU
directive on packaging waste, 1994):

• Manufacture raw materials used for packaging
• Convert raw materials into packaging
• Pack or fill packaging
• Sell packaging or packaged products to the final user or consumer
• Own and handle more than 50 t of packaging materials or packaging each
year (including imported packaging materials and goods, but not exports)
• Annual turnover of more than 3.2 million (from January 1, 2000)

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