Page 291 - Intelligent Digital Oil And Gas Fields

Integrated Asset Management and Optimization Workflows 239

Fig. 6.16 Example of an oil production data ontology definition: generic framework of
relationships.

combines terms (or nodes) and relationships that connect the terms/
nodes. An ontological framework is usually represented in the form
of a directed acyclic graph. Ontology evolves with new knowledge and
technology and poses no need for update schema, database revisions, etc.
Fig. 6.16 shows an example of a production data ontology framework.
• Management layer: defines intelligent workflow automation mechanisms
based on AI techniques and oilfield multiagent systems (MAS) (Bravo
et al., 2011) that describe the dialog relations between processes, produc-
tion unit agents, and service agents.
Bravo et al. (2011) deploy and validate the IPMA workflow on a virtual
oilfield, based on a commercial integrated production model and history-
matched data. The experimental oilfield has three reservoirs, eight oil wells
and one flow station. The simulation results proved the efficient integral per-
formance of IPMA layers and provided an effective solution to the produc-
tion optimization problem. The benefits of IPMA architecture are seen
through:
• Standardized mechanism to communicate the process state information
sources.
• Introduction and formulation of an oil and gas production data ontology
for the information exchange between production applications.
• Decrease in information search time.
• Deployment of a flexible mechanism for business-process automation.