Page 117 - Introduction to Paleobiology and The Fossil Record

104 INTRODUCTION TO PALEOBIOLOGY AND THE FOSSIL RECORD

Suspension Herbivore Carnivore Cambrian
evolutionary
Pelagic Trilobita fauna

Suspension Deposit Herbivore Carnivore
Trilobita Monoplacophora
Mobile Ostracoda Ostracoda Trilobita
Monoplacophora

Attached Inarticulata
low Articulata Suspension Deposit Carnivore
Epifauna Attached Eocrinoidea shallow
Passive
erect
Shallow Inarticulata Trilobita “Polychaeta”
active “Polychaeta”
Reclining ? Hyolitha Infauna Deep
passive
Deep
active
(a)
Suspension Herbivore Carnivore Paleozoic
Cephalopoda evolutionary
fauna
Pelagic Tentaculitoidea Merostomata
Placoderm
Graptolithina
Conodontophorida
Chondrichthyes
Suspension Deposit Herbivore Carnivore
Echinoidea
Agnatha Cephalopoda
Monoplacophora Gastropoda Malacostraca
Mobile Bivalvia Ostracoda
Gastropoda Malacostraca Stelleroidea
Ostracoda Trilobita
Monoplacophora
Articulata
Edrioasteroida
Bivalvia Suspension Deposit Carnivore
Attached Inarticulata
low Passive Bivalvia
Anthozoa
Stenolaemata shallow rostroconchia
Epifauna Sclerospongia Shallow Inarticulata Trilobita Merostomata
Bivalvia
Crinoidea
Bivalvia
Polychaeta
Anthozoa
Attached Stenolaemata Infauna active Polychaeta Conodontophorida
erect Demospongia
Blastoidea Deep
Cystoidea passive
Hexactinellida
Articulata Deep
Hyolitha active Bivalvia
Reclining Anthozoa
Stelleroidea
Tentaculitoidea
(b)
Figure 4.21 Bambachian megaguilds. A near full complement of lifestyles is present in the
Modern fauna (c), while fewer are represented in the matrices for the Cambrian (a) and Paleozoic
(b) faunas. (d) The numbers of life modes have increased consistently through time.