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52 Chapter 2

Table 2.2
A synthesis of the key KM cycle steps from each of the four approaches

Meyer and Zack Bukowitz and
(1999) Williams (2000) McElroy (1999) Wiig (1993)

Acquisition Get Individual and group learning Creation
Refi nement Use Knowledge claim validation Sourcing
Store/retrieve Learn Information acquisition Compilation
Distribution Contribute Knowledge validation Transformation
Presentation Assess Knowledge integration Dissemination
Build/sustain Application
Divest Value realization
Sources: Meyer and Zack, (1999) ; Bukowitz and Williams (2000) ; McElroy, (1999) ; and Wiig
(1993) .

Table 2.3
Synthesis of knowledge processing steps contributed by each of the approaches
Steps in common Step added by
1. Knowledge capture
2. Knowledge creation
2a. Knowledge contribution Bukowitz and Williams (2000)
2b. Knowledge fi ltering and selection Bukowitz and Williams (2000)
3. Knowledge codifi cation
3a. Knowledge refi nement Meyer and Zack (1999); Bukowitz and
Williams (2000)
4. Knowledge sharing
5. Knowledge access
5a. Knowledge learning Bukowitz and Williams (2000)
6. Knowledge application
6a. Knowledge evaluation McElroy (1999); Bukowitz and Williams (2000)
7. Knowledge reuse
7a. Knowledge reuse or divestment Bukowitz and Williams (2000)