Page 163 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

160 8. Framework of life cycle sustainability assessment

Goal and scope definition

Preparing for data collection
Revised data collection sheet Data collection sheet
Data collection
Collected data
Validation of data
Validated data
Allocation includes
Relating data to unit process
reuse and recycling
Validated data per unit process
Relating data to functional unit
Validated data per functional unit
Additional data Data aggregation
or unit processes
required Calculated inventory
Refining the system boundary

Completed inventory
FIG. 8.2 Life cycle inventory.

known as Dong Energy), Statoil, Novo Nordisk & Novozymes Land Owner’s Association,
Novo Nordisk, Inbicon, Kalundborg Utility Heat pump, Novozymes, and Novozymes
Wastewater & Biogas (Symbiosis Centre Denmark, 2010). Among all the companies in
Kalundborg Symbiosis, Dong Energy, Statol, Gyproc, Novozymes, and Novo Nordisk run
the five core businesses in this symbiosis system. Dong Energy is a power generation com-
pany providing electricity, steam, and heat to other companies and local residences. Statoil
serves as a refinery factory that provides the cleanest petrol and diesel as the output products.
The main service of Gyproc is manufacturing plasterboard. In addition, Novozymes pro-
duces enzymes and Novo Nordisk produces insulin. Other companies in symbiosis support
these five cores by providing material processing, waste treatment, and management coordi-
nation services. For example, Kalundborg utility takes charge of water treatment and supply
for the whole system and Argo handles wastes produced in the system.
The Kalundborg symbiosis system can be described by two resource exchange subsys-
tems, namely energy exchange system (shown in Fig. 8.3) and material exchange system
(shown in Fig. 8.4). This categorization method helps to explain how resources flow in the
system more clearly.
The data in this step should be collected for every single arrow in Figs. 8.3 and 8.4 after
transferring those data into functional units.