Page 190 - Low Temperature Energy Systems with Applications of Renewable Energy

178 Low-Temperature Energy Systems with Applications of Renewable Energy

Fig. 5.2 Growth of geothermal direct heat usage since 1995, redrawn from [2].

China, Sweden, Germany and France. Data for all applications in 2015 are shown in
Table 5.1. A total of over 70 GWt of thermal capacity was installed in some 82 coun-
12
tries, producing 588 10 kJ of heat energy utilization. The capacity factor is found

Table 5.1 Geothermal direct heat usage by application for 2015 [2].
Thermal Heat
capacity, Percent of utilization, Percent of Capacity
Application MWt total, % TJ total, % factor, %

Geothermal 49,898 70.95 325,028 55.30 20.7
heat pumps
Bathing and 9140 13.00 119,381 20.31 41.4
swimming
Space heating 7556 10.74 88,222 15.01 37.0
Greenhouse 1830 2.60 26,662 4.54 46.2
heating
Aquaculture 695 0.99 11,958 2.03 54.6
pond
heating
Industrial uses 610 0.87 10,453 1.78 54.3
Cooling/Snow 360 0.51 2600 0.44 22.9
melting
Agricultural 161 0.23 2030 0.35 40.0
drying
Others 79 0.11 1452 0.25 58.3
Totals 70,329 100 587,786 100 26.5