Page 92 - Low Temperature Energy Systems with Applications of Renewable Energy

Characteristics of low-temperature energy sources for heat pumps 81

CCS conditioner cold supply
C HP heat pump condenser
CHPS combined heat and power generating stations
COP coefficient of performance
c p specific heat
CPSES central power station extraction steam
EV HP heat pump evaporator
HN heat network
HP heat pump
HPHS heat pump heat supply
HPS heat pump station
HPU heat pump unit
HS heating system
HWS hot water supply system
HX heat exchanger
L length of polyethylene pipeline
L c heat pump compressor drive input
L c , L m:e energy losses for a heat pump compressor and ambient coolant driver,
s
respectively
L v fan driver
l min minimum specific external energy losses for heating
h
OTEC Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Dp aerodynamic and hydraulic pressure losses at the heat pump evaporator
Dp evap evaporator pressure drop
Dp s.e. pressure drop in soil heat exchanger
Q ev heat flow in heat pump evaporator
Q HP heat pump thermal power
Q c heat flow from the heat pump condenser
Q RH heat losses to the environment
q s specific heat flow
q w specific heat flow relating to a 1 m well
RH room heating
S sewer
SHE soil heat exchanger
T HP working fluid condensation temperature
c
HP
T ev working fluid evaporation temperature
t c calculated temperature of heat carrier
h:c
in
t , t out surroundings temperatures at evaporator inlet and outlet, respectively
s s
t c mean fluid temperature that cools the soil
t out working fluid temperature at the evaporator outlet
w:f:
t w:f: working fluid temperature
TES thermal electric stations
t in water temperature at evaporator inlet
ev
t s soil temperature in natural state
t out surroundings temperature at evaporator outlet
s
t 0 calculated ambient air temperature
Dt difference between water temperature in pond and average glycol
temperature