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Greenhouse gas removal and zero emissions energy production        45



                             at
                             stabilize                  Cumulative emissions (Gt(C))


                             and       1200  1000  800  600  400  200  0  2100
                             2030                             2090  Net emissions (Gt(C) year –1 )
                             peak                             2080  2070

                             2090—emissions  Annual and cumulative emissions  projections 2014–2100  2060  2050  2040  GGR (Gt(C) year –1 )  Cumulative emissions (Gt(C))






                             in                               2030  2020
                             peaking  15  10  5  0  –5  –10  –15  2010


                             and        –1                 Annual emissions/GGR (Gt(C) year )  Emissions (Gt(C) year –1 )  Target cum emissions
                             2040  Peak GGR 10.0 Gt(C) year –1  in 2090

                             starting


                             GGR                             2100
                             10Gt(C)/yr                      2090  2080  TFC/year   (EJ)




                             +                               2070
                             CIR  Annual energy projections  2014–2100  2060  ZEE/year   (EJ)
                             25%                             2050
                             +                               2040
                             REC                             2030
                             20%                             2020  FF/year   (EJ)

                             +
                             ZEE      1800  1600  1400  1200  1000  800  600  400  Total final consumption (EJ)  200  0  2010
                        —cont’d  1.8°C:  2060.  by            ZEE index 9




                        2.2  22:  8Gt(C)/yr  +1.8°C
                        Box  Scenario
   68   69   70   71   72   73   74   75   76   77   78