Page 485 - 04. Subyek Engineering Materials - Manufacturing, Engineering and Technology SI 6th Edition - Serope Kalpakjian, Stephen Schmid (2009)

Ceramics,

Glasses, and

Superconductors:

Processing and

Equipment

l8.l Introduction 465
° This chapter presents the manufacturing processes associated with ceramics, l8.2 Shaping Ceramics 466
glass, and superconductors. |8.3 Forming and Shaping
of Glass 472
° It first describes the preparation of ceramic powders, followed by operations
I8.4 Techniques for
that produce discrete parts through the basic processes of casting, pressing,
Strengthening and
extrusion, and molding. Annealing Glass 476
° Drying and firing, followed by finishing operations on ceramics, are also |8.5 Design Considerations
for Ceramics and
discussed.
Glasses 478
° Glass manufacture involves production of continuous shapes, such as plate, l8.6 Processing of
tube, and bars, through drawing, rolling, or floating methods; for discrete Superconductors 479
products, the operations typically consist of molding, blowing, or pressing. EXAMPLE:
° The chapter ends with the processing of superconductors, which are produced l8.l Dimensional
mainly through the oxide-powder~in-tube process. Changes During the
Shaping of Ceramic
Components 472
Typical products made: Ceramics: electrical insulators, rotors for gas turbines,
lightweight components for high-speed machines, ball and roller bearings, seals, CASE STUDY:
furnace components, ovenware, and tiles. Glass: glazing, laminated glass, bullet- l8.l Production of
proof glass, bulbs, lenses, bottles, glass fibers, rods, and tubing. Superconductors: High-temperature
Superconducting
MRI magnets.
Tapes 480
Alternative processes: Casting, forging, powder injection molding, blow molding,
rapid prototyping.

l8.l Introduction

The properties and various applications of ceramics and glasses were described in
Chapter 8. These materials have important characteristics, such as high-temperature
strength and hardness, low electrical and thermal conductivity, chemical inertness,
and resistance to wear and corrosion. The wide range of applications for these
materials include parts such as floor tiles, dishes, electrical insulators, spark plugs
and ball bearings.
In this chapter, the techniques that are available for processing ceramics, glasses
(Fig. 18.1) and superconductors into numerous useful products are described.
The methods employed for ceramics consist of crushing the raw materials; shap-
ing them by various means; and drying, firing, and then applying finishing opera-
tions, as needed, to achieve the required dimensional tolerances and surface finish.
465

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