Page 25 - Materials Science and Engineering An Introduction
P. 25
List of Symbols
The number of the section in which a symbol is introduced or explained is given in
parentheses.
A = area d hkl = interplanar spacing for planes
Å = angstrom unit of Miller indices h, k, and l
A i = atomic weight of (3.16)
element i (2.2) E = energy (2.5)
APF = atomic packing factor (3.4) E = modulus of elasticity or
a = lattice parameter: unit cell Young’s modulus (6.3)
x-axial length (3.4) e = electric field intensity (18.3)
a = crack length of a surface crack E f = Fermi energy (18.5)
(8.5) E g = band gap energy (18.6)
at% = atom percent (4.4) E r (t) = relaxation modulus (15.4)
B = magnetic flux density %EL = ductility, in percent elongation
(induction) (20.2) (6.6)
B r = magnetic remanence (20.7) e = electric charge per electron
BCC = body-centered cubic crystal (18.7)
structure (3.4) e - = electron (17.2)
b = lattice parameter: unit cell erf = Gaussian error function (5.4)
y-axial length (3.7) exp = e, the base for natural
b = Burgers vector (4.5) logarithms
C = capacitance (18.18) F = force, interatomic or
C i = concentration (composition) of mechanical (2.5, 6.2)
component i in wt% (4.4) f = Faraday constant (17.2)
C¿ i = concentration (composition) of FCC = face-centered cubic crystal
component i in at% (4.4) structure (3.4)
C y , C p = heat capacity at constant G = shear modulus (6.3)
volume, pressure (19.2) H = magnetic field strength (20.2)
CPR = corrosion penetration rate H c = magnetic coercivity (20.7)
(17.3) HB = Brinell hardness (6.10)
CVN = Charpy V-notch (8.6) HCP = hexagonal close-packed crystal
%CW = percent cold work (7.10) structure (3.4)
c = lattice parameter: unit cell HK = Knoop hardness (6.10)
z-axial length (3.7) HRB, HRF = Rockwell hardness: B and F
c = velocity of electromagnetic scales (6.10)
radiation in a vacuum (21.2) HR15N, HR45W = superficial Rockwell hardness:
D = diffusion coefficient (5.3) 15N and 45W scales (6.10)
D = dielectric displacement (18.19) HV = Vickers hardness (6.10)
DP = degree of polymerization (14.5) h = Planck’s constant (21.2)
d = diameter (hkl) = Miller indices for a crystallo-
d = average grain diameter (7.8) graphic plane (3.10)
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