Page 200 - Mechatronics for Safety, Security and Dependability in a New Era

Ch38-I044963.fm Page 184 Tuesday, August 1, 2006 8:18 PM
Ch38-I044963.fm
184
184 Page 184 Tuesday, August 1, 2006 8:18 PM
0.9
0.8 *
: 0.7 * 11 *
.i 0.6 r# r~* i
c 0.5
•B 0.4
S 0.3
iS 0.2
0.1
0

Figure 3: Reaction time of braking (drunk braking and talking braking) (*:p<0.05,+:p<0.1)

the drunken level and the talking task level came up. The reaction time under the talking driving was
larger than that under the drunk driving.

5. CONCLUSION

A driving simulator and evaluation methods of the driving performance were established. Feasibility
tests of the simulator and the evaluation methods were carried out under the conditions of drunk
driving and talking driving with a cell phone. The results are summarized as follows:

(1) The driving simulator rebuilt from a real car is assumed to run on a one-way highway in the
suburb. The road scene and the preceding car are displayed with computer graphics.
(2) The degree of unsteadiness of the driving path is defined newly in this study as composition of the
degree of weaving from side to side and the degree of fluctuating of the distance between cars.
(3) The reaction time is defined as the time from when the color of the circle displayed on the screen
is changed to when the brake pedal is pressed.
(4) The degree of unsteadiness of the driving path and the reaction time of pressing brake pedal both
increased as the talking task level through a cell phone came up. The results were in close
agreement with the subjective evaluations.
(5) The degree of unsteadiness and the reaction time similarly increased as the drunken level came up.
(6) The driving simulator and the evaluation methods developed in this study can be utilized to
evaluate the drunk driving or the talking driving appropriately.

6. REFERENCES
[1] Kading W. and Hoffmeyer F. (1995). The Advanced Daimler- Benz Driving Simulator. SAE
Technical Paper Series 950175, 91-98.
[2] Papelis Y., Brown T., Watson G., Holtz D. and Pan W. (2004). Study of ESC Assisted Driver
Performance Using a Driving Simulator. N04-003-PR The University of IOWA,]-35.
[3] Shiiba T. and Suda Y. (2002). Development of Driving Simulator with Full Model of Multibody
Dynamics. JSAE Review 23, 223-230.
[4] Contardi S., Pizza F., Sancisi E., Mondini S. and Cirignotta F. (2004). Reliability of a Driving
Simulation Task for Evaluation of Sleepiness. Brain Research Bulletin 63, 427-431.
[5] Reed P. and Green A. (1999). Comparison of Driving Performance On-Road and in a Low-Cost
Simulator Using a Concurrent Telephone Dialing Task. Ergonomics 42, 1015-1037.
[6] Gawron J. and Ranney A. (1990). The Effects of Spot Treatments on Performance in a Driving
Simulator under Sober and Alcohol-Dosed Conditions. Accid. Anal. & Prev. 22:3, 263-279.