Page 274 - New Trends in Eco efficient and Recycled Concrete

Transport sensitivity Yes Yes No No No (Continued)

RAC beneficial Yes Yes (limited by additional cement) Yes (preferable RCA 1 FA) No (better for fixed plants) Yes for RCA 1 FA

Impact category GWP, CED and ES Eco-indicator 99, ES, GWP and ADP GWP, CED and ES AP, EP, GWP and POCP GWP, ODP, EP, AP, POCP and CED

LCI data Case specific 1 Ecoinvent database 1 bibliography Ecoinvent database Case specific 1 Ecoinvent database 1 bibliography Case specific 1 Ecoinvent database 1 bibliography Case specific 1 Ecoinvent database

Exclusions Upstream processes from the manufacturing of virgin concrete blocks and from the end-of life (building dismantling during the first life cycle) Construction and use (assumed phases to be equals thus excluded) Water . Water, superplasticizer

LCA type Att Con Att Att Att

System boundaries Cradle-to- gate Cradle-to- gate Cradle-to- gate Cradle-to- gate ( includes end-of- life) Cradle-to- gate

Functional unit 1 m 3 (C30/37 class) 1 m 3 (C25 or C30 class) 1m 3 (C30/37 class) 1 m 3 (for single- layer precast kerbs) 1m 3 (equal compressive strength); 1m 3 (equal compressive strength, serviceability and durability)

C
Aggregate type C (28%) C (25-40%) F(0-50- 100% 1 (0-100%) C (50%) C (100%) 1 FA(0-35%)

Goal NAC vs RAC NAC vs RAC NAC vs RAC NAC vs RAC NAC vs RAC

(Continued) Geographic area Switzerland Switzerland Portugal Spain Serbia

9.4 Gayarre c
Table Reference Kleijer et al. (2017) Knoeri et al. (2013) Kurad et al. (2017) Lopez ´ et al. (2016) Marinkovi´ et al. (2017)