Page 321 - New Trends in Eco efficient and Recycled Concrete

Comparative studies of the life cycle analysis between conventional and recycled aggregate concrete 279

Table 10.7 Sources of LCI data
Type of data Source (file name in Ecoinvent V2.0) Geography

Energy
Coal mining and distribution Ecoinvent EU average
(hard coal, at regional storage/kg/EEU)
Diesel production, distribution, Ecoinvent EU average
and usage (diesel, at regional storage/kg/RER)
(diesel, burned in building machine/MJ/
GLO)
Natural gas production, Ecoinvent EU average
distribution, and usage (natural gas, high pressure, at consumer/
MJ/RER)
(natural gas, burned in industrial furnace
. 100 kW/MJ/RER)
Electricity Ecoinvent (electricity mix/kWh/CS) Serbia
Concrete components
Cement production Industry Serbia
Natural and recycled Industry Serbia
aggregates production
Concrete production Industry Serbia
Reinforcement and pig iron
Reinforcement production Ecoinvent EU average
(Reinforcing steel, at plant/RER S)
Pig-iron production Ecoinvent GLO average
(Pig iron, at plant/GLO S)
Construction Kawai et al. (2005)
Demolition Ecoinvent Swiss average
(Disposal, building, reinforced concrete,
to recycling/CH S)
Disposal landfilling Ecoinvent EU average
(transport, lorry 16 32 tonnes, EURO3/
tkm/RER)
Transport
Road and river Ecoinvent EU average
(transport, lorry 16 32 tonnes, EURO3/
tkm/RER)
(transport, lorry 7.5 16 tonnes, EURO3/
tkm/RER)
(transport, barge/tkm/RER)

They were calculated using the CML baseline methodology (Guine ´eet al., 2002).
Additionally, abiotic depletion of fossil fuel potential (ADP_FF) was calculated
using the cumulative energy demand method. For the ADP_FF calculations, the fol-
lowing heating values of fossil fuels were used: 19.1 MJ/kg of hard coal, 8.8 MJ/kg
3
of soft coal, 42.0 MJ/kg of diesel and 39.0 MJ/m of natural gas. Original Excel-
based software was used for the LCI and life cycle impact calculations.