Page 5 - Oil and Gas Production Handbook An Introduction to Oil and Gas Production

4.2.6 Electrostatic desalter .......................................................... 44
4.2.7 Water treatment .................................................................. 45
4.3 Gas treatment and compression ................................................. 46
4.3.1 Heat exchangers................................................................. 46
4.3.2 Scrubbers and reboilers...................................................... 47
4.3.3 Compressor anti surge and performance........................... 48
4.3.4 Gas treatment ..................................................................... 52
4.4 Oil and gas storage, metering and export ................................... 53
4.4.1 Fiscal metering.................................................................... 53
4.4.2 Storage ............................................................................... 56
4.4.3 Marine loading .................................................................... 57
4.4.4 Pipeline terminal ................................................................. 57
5 Gas processing and LNG..................................................................... 58
5.1 Gas processing............................................................................ 60
5.1.1 Acid gas removal ................................................................ 61
5.1.2 Dehydration......................................................................... 62
5.1.3 Mercury removal ................................................................. 62
5.1.4 Nitrogen rejection................................................................ 63
5.1.5 NGL recovery and treatment .............................................. 63
5.1.6 Sales gas specifications ..................................................... 63
5.2 LNG ............................................................................................. 65
5.2.1 LNG liquefaction ................................................................. 65
5.2.2 Storage, transport and regasification.................................. 67
6 Utility systems ...................................................................................... 69
6.1 Control and safety systems ......................................................... 69
6.1.1 Process control ................................................................... 69
6.1.2 Emergency Shutdown and Process Shutdown .................. 72
6.1.3 Fire and Gas System.......................................................... 74
6.1.4 Control and safety configuration......................................... 75
6.1.5 Telemetry/SCADA .............................................................. 77
6.2 Integrated Operations.................................................................. 78
6.2.1 Reservoir management and drilling operations.................. 79
6.2.2 Production optimization ...................................................... 79
6.2.3 Asset Optimization and maintenance Support ................... 80
6.2.4 Information Management Systems (IMS)........................... 82
6.2.5 Training simulators ............................................................. 83
6.3 Power generation, distribution and drives ................................... 84
6.4 Flare and atmospheric ventilation ............................................... 86
6.5 Instrument air............................................................................... 87
6.6 HVAC........................................................................................... 87
6.7 Water systems............................................................................. 87
6.7.1 Potable water...................................................................... 87
6.7.2 Seawater............................................................................. 88

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