Page 6 - Oil and Gas Production Handbook An Introduction to Oil and Gas Production
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6.7.3 Ballast water .......................................................................88
6.8 Chemicals and additives..............................................................88
6.9 Telecom.......................................................................................91
7 Unconventional and conventional resources and environmental effects
94
7.1 Unconventional sources of oil and gas........................................94
7.1.1 Extra heavy crude...............................................................95
7.1.2 Tar sands............................................................................95
7.1.3 Oil shale..............................................................................96
7.1.4 Coal gasification and coal bed methane.............................97
7.1.5 Methane hydrates ...............................................................97
7.1.6 Biofuels ...............................................................................98
7.1.7 Hydrogen ............................................................................98
7.2 Emissions and environmental effects..........................................99
7.2.1 Indigenous emissions .........................................................99
7.2.2 Greenhouse emissions.....................................................100
7.2.3 Carbon capture and sequestration ...................................102
8 Units ...................................................................................................105
9 Acronyms ...........................................................................................107
10 References.........................................................................................109
11 Index...................................................................................................110
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