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                    Optical Switching Systems and Technologies                                   139



                    Figure 6-8
                    The OPTera core
                    switch (Nortel
                    Networks)


























                                                                            Source: Nortel Networks


                                         Nortel Networks’ (Xros’s) system, on the other hand, handles up to
                                       1,152 pairs of inputs and outputs with a transparent all-optical
                                       pathway. The cross-connects consist of two facing 6   6 inch arrays
                                       of 1,152 mirrors each. Incoming beams of light are directed to their
                                       destinations by these movable mirrors. Thus an entire incoming
                                       fiberoptic channel can be switched as a whole to any output port.
                                       This scheme also facilitates redundancy by allowing network plan-
                                       ners to create an architecture where multiple alternate paths can be
                                       made available to protect each link.A sample of this system is shown
                                       in Figure 6-9.
                                         Port-provisioning ease further enhances MEMS switches because
                                       of the inherent transparency of the system. In telecommunications
                                       networks of the past, it took months to get high-speed circuits provi-
                                       sioned and installed. Newer systems can perform this function on
                                       the same day.
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