Page 259 - Partition & Adsorption of Organic Contaminants in Environmental Systems

INDEX 251

1,3-Dichlorobenzene (m-dichlorobenzene), Enthalpy change, see also Heat of adsorption;
see also Chlorinated benzenes Heat of partition; Heat of solution
vapor sorption to soil of, effect of humidity, at constant pressure, 3
205, Fig. 7.44 in phase transition, 11
vapor pressure, Table 1.1 Entropy, definition, 3
as molecular probe for surface area, Entropy change
Table 6.3 for isolated systems, 4
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene), see for solute partition, 119
also Chlorinated benzenes in adsorption, 6, 39, 196
melting-point effect on S w of, 58 in phase transition, 11, 35
limiting partition in SOM of, Table 7.2 in solubilization, 24
Dieldrin reversible and spontaneous processes, 3
absorption by crops/plants of, 225, 226, Ethylene dibromide (EDB)
Tables 8.2 and 8.3 adsorption on activated carbon of, 115,
S w , K om , and limiting partition in SOM, Fig. 7.4
204 impact of humidity on vapor sorption to
toxicity over soil of, variation with soils and clays of, 200
humidity, 213 limiting partition in SOM of, Table 7.1
vapor densities over dry and moist soils of, nonlinear sorption to soil of, 151, Table
203, Fig. 7.42 7.11, Table 7.13, Fig. 7.17, Fig. 7.20
Dipole-dipole forces, 27 sorption to soil HA, 160, Table 7.13,
Dispersion forces, see London forces Fig. 7.23
Dissolved organic matter, see DOM sorption to soil of, 115, Table 7.1, Fig. 7.3
Diuron, see also Substituted ureas sorption to soil humin of, 160, Fig. 7.24
sorption to soil from petroleum of, 192, S w and K om, Table 7.1, Table 7.11
Fig. 7.36 as molecular probe for surface area,
sorption from water to soil of, 151, Table Table 6.3
7.11, Table 7.13, Figs. 7.18 and 7.25 Evaporative flux, pesticides over soil, 211,
sorption from water to soil HA of, 161, Fig. 7.48
Table 7.13, Fig. 7.25 Excess heat of mixing, 34
toxicity over soil of, variation with Extensive properties, definition, 6
moisture, 213 External surface, 49, 92. See also Surface area
DOM, dissolved organic matter
contaminant K dom/K doc with, Table 7.15 First law, thermodynamics, 2
contaminant K mn and K mc with, Table 7.17 Fish, bioconcentration studies, 80
as dissolved surfactant/microemulsion, BCF, 80, Table 5.6, Table 5.7
Table 7.16, Table 7.18 correlation with partition coefficients, 81,
derived from aquatic and soil sources, Figs. 5.7 and 5.8
Table 7.14 lipid effect, 80, 81
impact on contaminant partition, 169, 184, estimation, 85
185 Flory–Huggins model
impact on contaminant S w , 169, 179, 183 application to lipids, 70, 73, Tables 5.4 and
polarity and size on contaminant solubility, 5.5
170 application to SOM, 133, Fig. 7.13
theory, 19–21
EGME, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Free energy, definition, 4
apparent BET monolayers on solids of, Free-energy change
Table 6.2 as criterion for equilibrium, 4, 8
cation solvation by, 97 at constant temperature, 5
molecular area of, 96 function of state variables, 7
N 2 -equilivalent BET monolayer of, 96 in closed systems, 4
partition to peat of, 98, Table 7.21 in open systems, 7
sorption to minerals and soils of, 93 solid to supercooled liquid, 23
Enthalpy, definition, 3 solute to solution, 23