Page 264 - Partition & Adsorption of Organic Contaminants in Environmental Systems

256 INDEX

concentration dependence of, 36 Surfactant, 178
correlation equation, 77 adsorption onto minerals of, 184
polar-group effect on, 66 contaminant solubilization by, 179,
solvent–water mutual saturation, 31, 55, 62 Table 7.17
substituent/group effect on, 63 CMC, 179, Table 7.16
temperature dependence of, 33 examples, Table 7.16
theory, 30–33 influence on K d , 184, 189, Table 7.20,
SOM, soil/sediment organic matter Fig. 7.35
composition, 106 Suspended solids, source and behavior, 132,
13
functional-group analysis by C-NMR, 143, Table 7.3
Fig. 7.15 System, definition, 1
role as a partition medium for
contaminants, 110, Fig. 7.1 TCE, trichloroethylene, see also Chlorinated
soil vs sediment source, 124 solvents
surface area of, 98, 109, 163, Table 7.12 K oc , Table 7.11
SOM–vapor partition, 201, Table 7.21, nonlinear soil sorption of, 151, Table 7.11,
Figs. 7.41, 7.46 and 7.47 Fig. 7.16
SOM–water partition coefficient (K om , K oc ), sorption from water to soil of, 150
112 S w and K ow, Table 7.10
correlation with K ow : vapor partition to SOM of, 202, Table 7.21,
nonpolar contaminants, 138 Fig. 7.46
PAHs, 138 vapor sorption to soil and minerals of, 206
polar contaminants, 136 vapor pressure, Table 1.1
effect of SOM composition on, 132, Thermodynamics
Fig. 7.12 extensive and intensive properties, 6
impact of DOM on, 169, 184, Table 7.20, first law, 2
Figs. 7.34 and 7.35 reversible and spontaneous processes, 3
K om –K oc conversion, 135 second law, 3
with previously contaminated soils, 146 state functions, 2
relation to S w , 135 Toluene
values for soils vs sediments, Tables 7.3 and S w , K hw , K ow , and K tw values, Tables 5.1, 5.2,
7.8 and 5.5
Sorption, definition, 107. See also sorption to soil of, single and with
Adsorption; Partition between phases; surfactant, 189, Table 7.20
Plant–water partition, Soil–water as molecular probe for surface area,
distribution Table 6.3
Specific interaction (SI), polar contaminants Toxicity, pesticides, relation to soil type and
with SOM, 150, 158 soil water content, 213, Table 7.22
State function, thermodynamic, 2 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, see also Chlorinated
Substituent constant, in partition coefficient, benzenes
see Group contribution absorption by barley of, 225, Table 8.2
Substituted ureas, herbicides K hw , Table 5.2
absorption by barley roots of, 220, Table 8.1 K ow and S w , Table 5.1
S w , K ow , and K om , Table 7.5, Table 7.10, soil K om , Table 7.4
Table 8.1 vapor sorption to soil of, effect of humidity,
Surface area, definition, 48 205
external and internal surfaces, 49, 92 Trichloroethylene, see TCE
measurement, 92 Triolein, see also Lipids
nonporous surface, 90, Table 6.1 as a model biological lipid, 69
theoretical basis, 44 solubility of solids in, Table 5.4
values for soils and minerals, Tables 6.1 to Triolein–water partition coefficient (K tw ). See
6.3, Table 7.3 also Solvent–water partition
values for organic matter, Table 7.12 analysis by Raoult’s law, 72